Bali is an island in Indonesia, at the same time become one of the provinces of Indonesia. Bali is located between Java and Lombok Island. Denpasar is the capital of respective provinces, which is located in the southern island. Bali is a majority of the population embraces the Hindu religion. In the world, Bali, known as a tourism destination with a variety of unique art-culture results, especially for tourists Japan and Australia. Bali Island, also known as God.
Bali is part of the Small Sunda Islands along 153 km and 112 km selebar around 3.2 km from Java. By astronomical, Bali is located at 8 ° 25'23 "south latitude and 115 ° 14'55" East Latitude mebuatnya beriklim tropical Indonesia as part of another.
Gunung Agung is the highest point in Bali at 3,148 m. This last volcanoes erupt in March 1963. Mount shelf is also one of the mountains in Bali. Around 30,000 years ago, Mount shelf erupt and generate a tremendous disaster on earth. In contrast with the north, the south of Bali is dialiri lowland rivers.
Is the capital of Denpasar, Bali. Where is the other important Wolverhampton as the art center is located in Herzliya; while Kuta, Sanur, Seminyak, Jimbaran and Nusa Dua are some places that become tourism destination, both coastal tourism and health resort.
History
Of the first Bali island is estimated to come in 3000-2500 BC, which migrated from Asia. Relics from the stone tools were found in the village Cekik located in the western part of the island. Prehistoric period and ended with the arrival of people from Hindu India in 100 BC. [Reference?]
Culture of Bali and then get the strong influence of Indian culture, a process more quickly after a century CE-1. Name Balidwipa (Bali island), started in the various inscriptions found, including the inscription Blanjong issued by the Sri Kesari Warmadewa at 913 F and mentioned the word Walidwipa. It is estimated around the irrigation system is the subak to begin planting rice developed. Some religious and cultural traditions also start developing at that time. Majapahit kingdom (1293-1500 AD) that the Hindu religion and centered on the island of Java, had established the kingdom subordinate in Bali around 1343 years old M. At that time, almost all the Hindu religious archipelago, but along the arrival of Islam stands kingdoms of Islam in the archipelago, which, among other causes the collapse of Majapahit. Many noblemen, curate, artists, and other Hindu community when it away from the island of Java to Bali.
European people who find first Bali is Cornelis de Houtman of the Netherlands in 1597, although a Portuguese ship had previously dumped near Bukit peninsula, Jimbaran, in 1585. Dutch VOC through it started to implement penjajahannya land in Bali, but will continue to get resistance so until the end of his position in Bali they are not sekokoh their position in the Java or Maluku. Ranging from the area north of Bali, since 1840-an attendance of the Netherlands has become permanent, which originally made with the weasel-sheep various authorities that Bali is not mutual trust one another. Dutch big inroads by sea and land against the Seattle area, and was followed by the Denpasar district. The Bali is losers in the number of weapons and do not want to surrender because of shame, that caused the war to death or blowing, which involves all the people both men and women including the king. It is estimated as many as 4,000 people were killed in these events, although the Netherlands has ordered them to surrender. Next, the governor of the Netherlands ruled that only a few provide influence on the island, so the control of the local religion and culture generally does not change.
Bali Japanese occupiers during World War II, and then a military officer named girl I Ngurah Rai Bali establish teams' freedom fighter '. Menyerahnya overtake Japan in the Pacific in August 1945, the Netherlands immediately return to Indonesia (including Bali) to enforce the colonial government again shows the situation before the war. This is opposed by opposition troops Bali, which currently use the weapons to Japan.
On 20 November 1940, pecahlah Puputan Margarana battle that occurred in the village of Marga, Tabanan, Bali, the middle. Colonel I Ngurah Rai girl, aged 29 years old, led the army from the area to the east Bali attacks to death in the armed Dutch troops complete. All members of the Bali batalion all killed, and as a military resistance Bali last.
In 1946 the Dutch made Bali as one of 13 regions of the State of New Vote East, which is one of the country as a competitor for the Republic of Indonesia and the Vote are by Sukarno and Hatta. Bali and also to be included in the Republic of Indonesia when the Dutch States recognizes the independence of Indonesia on December 29, 1949. 1950, officially perserikatannya leave Bali with the Netherlands and legally become a province of the Republic of Indonesia.
Gunung Agung eruption that occurred in 1963, was shake the people's economy and caused many residents of Bali bertransmigrasi to various other areas in Indonesia.
1965, along with the failure by the G30S coup d'etat against the national government in Jakarta, Bali and in many other areas, there was destruction and sympathetic members of the Communist Party of Indonesia. In Bali, it is estimated that more than 100,000 people killed or missing. However, events in the early New Order are to succeed is not currently disclosed by law. [1]
Terrorist attacks have occurred on October 12, 2002, a bomb attack in Bali in 2002 Kuta tourist area, causing as many as 202 people were killed and 209 other people injury. 2005 Bali bomb attacks also occurred three years later in Kuta and Jimbaran beach. These incidents received wide international coverage because most of the victims are foreign tourists, and cause the Bali tourism industry faces the challenge weight in recent years.
Demographics
Bali residents about some 4 million people, with the majority 92.3% Hindu confession. The other is the religion of Islam, Protestant, Catholic and Buddhist.
Apart from the tourism sector, people also live from agriculture and fisheries. Some also choose to become artists. The language used in Bali is Bahasa Indonesia, Bali, and the UK, especially for working in the tourism sector.
Bali language and English is the language most widely fields in Bali, Indonesia, and as other residents, most of the community are bilingual or even trilingual. Although there are several dialects in the language of Bali, general community use language shape Bali association as options in communicating. Traditionally, the use of various dialects language Bali chess set based on the color system in the Hindu Dharma religion; although the implementation of these traditions tend to diminish.
English is the language of the third (and the main foreign language) for many community, which is influenced by the needs of a large tourism industry. Employees who work at the visitor information centers in Bali, often also understand some foreign language with sufficient competency.
Transportation
Common
In Bali, there are no railways, but the road network is available, especially to areas of tourist destination. Most residents have private vehicles and choose to use it because the route is not available to the public good, except taxis.
Type kedaraan general in Bali, among others:
1. Gig (vehicles using animal horse as a tool drawer)
2. Ojek (General Vehicles using the motorcycle)
3. Bemo (General Vehicle type microbus)
4. Bemo in the city
5. Bemo outside the city (with larger type)
6. Taxis
7. Buses between cities or districts.
8. Buses outside the island.
To and from
Between Bali and Java, available services crossing the sea through the port of Gilimanuk Hamilton using the ferry, which takes between 30 to 45 minutes. Likewise with the crossing between the island of Bali and Lombok, crossing the sea through the port of Beirut to the Bay Sheet takes about 4 hours.
For air transportation by Ngurah Rai International Airport. Runway and the aircraft that come and go can be seen clearly from the beach.
List of districts and cities in Bali
No. District / City Capital
1 Jembrana Regency Country
2 Tabanan Tabanan
3 Badung delinquent
District 4 Herzliya Herzliya
District 5 Gateshead Gateshead
Bangli Bangli District 6
Fleetwood Fleetwood District 7
8 Buleleng Regency Soweto
Derby City 9 --
Culture
Traditional Balinese music has similarities with traditional music in many other areas in Indonesia, for example in the use of gamelan musical instruments and various other tabuh. Nevertheless, there are specific techniques in the play and gubahannya, for example, in the form of kecak, the shape singsong voice that seems fake monkey. Similarly, a variety of game play that is unique, for example Jegog Gamelan, Gamelan Gong Gede, gamelan xylophone, Selunding Gamelan, Gamelan and Semar Pegulingan. Angklung others played music for the ceremony ngaben, and Bebonangan music played in various other ceremonies.
There is a modern form of traditional music from Bali, for example, Gamelan Gong Kebyar which is a dance music that developed during the Dutch colonial, and the roof began Joged popular in Bali since the era of the 1950s. Generally, Balinese music is a combination of various means of a metal percussion music (metalofon), gong, percussion and wood (xilofon). Because the relationship of social, political and cultural, music, games or traditional Balinese gamelan Bali style gives influence or affect each other in the culture surrounding areas, for example, the traditional music community have traditional music community and Lombok.
* Gamelan
* Jegog
* Genggong
* New Bali
Dance
Balinese dance arts in general can be categorized into three groups; the guardian or art sacred dance performances, art bebali or dance performances for the ceremony and also for the visitors, and balih-balihan art or dance for the entertainment of visitors. [2]
Specialist art dance Bali I Made Bandem [3] in the early 1980s, never-class dance dance Bali was among the other classified into Berutuk a guardian for example, Sang Hyang Dedari, Rejang and Gede line, among other bebali is Gambuh, Topeng Pajegan, and Wayang Wong, balih-balihan while the other is between the Legong, Parwa, Arja, Prembon and Joged, and various other modern dance choreography.
One of the dances are very popular for tourists is the Kecak Dance. Around the year 1930's, Wayan Limbak working with the German painter Walter Spies create a dance based on this tradition Sanghyang and parts of the story of the Ramayana. Wayan Limbak popularize dance this time around the world with the troupe's dancers Bali.
Dance guardian
* Sang Hyang Dedari
* Sang Hyang Jaran
* Dance Rejang
* Line Dance
* Dance Janger
Dance bebali
* Dance Topeng
* Gambuh
Dance balih-balihan
Dance * Legong
* Arja
* Joged roof
* Drama Gong
* Barong
* Dance Pendet
* Kecak Dance
Apparel areas
Apparel areas Bali is truly varied, seem selintas although the same. Each area in Bali has the characteristics and symbolic jewelry, based on the activities and ceremonies, sex and age of users. Social and economic status a person can be based on the pattern of clothing and jewelry ornaments that dipakainya.
Man
Traditional men's clothing generally consists of:
* Udeng (turban)
* Cloth shawl
* Umpal (wrap tape)
* Cloth wastra (kemben)
* Belt
* Keris
* Various jewelry ornaments
Most of the clothes worn shirt, jacket, and footwear as a complement
Women
Clothing traditional women generally consist of:
* Bun (bun)
* Sesenteng (kemben songkets)
* Cloth wastra
* Belt prada (stagen), convoluted and chest pinggul
* Selendang songkets shoulder to the bottom
* Tapih cloth or sinjang, in the next
* Various jewelry ornaments
Often charged kebaya, cover the chest, and footwear as a complement.
Food
The main food
* Chicken betutu
* Pigs guling
* Goat
* Be Kokak Mekuah
* Be Pasih mesambel matah
* Duck betutu
* Berengkes
* Grangasem
* Jejeruk
* Jukut Urab
* Komoh
* Lawar
* Rice Bubuh
* Rice Tepeng
* Penyon
* Sate Kablet
* Sate twist
* Sate pentul
* Sate turtle
* Sate Tusuk
* Timbungan
* Tum
* Order of the Tabanan
Hawker
* Bubuh Sago
* Bubuh marrow
* Bubuh palm wine
* Jaja new Batun
* Jaja Begina
* Jaja Bendu
* Jaja Bikang
* Jaja Engol
* Jaja Godoh
* Jaja Jongkok
* Jaja Ketimus
* Jaja Klepon
* Jaja-Lak Lak
* Jaja Sumping
* Jaja Tain Buati
* Jaja Uli mission Tape
* Jaja diamond
* Peanut Rc
* Rujak Bulung
* Rujak Kuah Pindang
* Rujak Manis
* Rujak Tibah
* The Bali
Weapons
* Keris
* Spear
* Tiuk
* Spur
* Kandik
* Caluk
* Sickle
* Udud
* Gelewang
* Trisula
* Arrow
* Penampad
* Garot
* Tulud
* Kis-Kis
* Perception
* What
* Blakas
* Pengiris
Traditional House
House of Bali in accordance with the rules Asta Kosala Kosali (the Weda the room layout and building, shows Feng Shui in Chinese Culture)
According to the philosophy of the Balinese community, kedinamisan in life will be achieved when the realization of a harmonious relationship between aspects pawongan, palemahan, and Parahyangan. For the development of a home must include aspects of it or what's called''Tri Hita Karana''. Pawongan are the companions of the house. Palemahan means there must be a good relationship between the home and neighborhood.
In general, buildings or areas of traditional Balinese architecture always decoration, in the form carvings, equipment and provision of color. Rajamangala decorative contain the specific meaning as the expression simbolsimbol beauty and delivery of communications. Forms of multiplicity of ornamental species of fauna also function as ritual symbols displayed in the statue.
Heroes
* I girl Ngurah Rai
* I Ketut girl Jelantik |
